美国职业教育标准建设的理念、内容与启示--基于对《新泽西州学生学习标准--生涯准备、生活素养和关键技能》的分析

Concepts,Contents,and Insights of American Vocational Education Standards——Analysis Based on New Jersey Student Learning Standards——Career Readiness,Life Literacies and Key Skills

2020年6月,《新泽西州学生学习标准--生涯准备、生活素养和关键技能》(NJSLS-CLKS)的发布,是对新泽西州职业教育学习标准的一次重要改革和调整。在信息时代召唤“数字公民”教育,绿色转型加大市场技能鸿沟,能力标准备受职教领域重视的时代背景下,该标准在注重技能目标多元化,基于所有学生的高期望和“基于研究的实践”原则指导下,提供了一个“学科概念”和技能结构框架,并采用与之相关的“学习计划”以及地区绩效评估。该标准的理念、内容设计及具体实施对我国职业教育标准建设的启示是:建立以学科概念为核心的课程学习标准,层层递进国家标准以提升职业教育质量,统筹权力下放和质量问责以推进标准化体系进程。

In June 2020,the release of the“New Jersey Student Learning Standards——Career Readiness,Life Literacies and Key Skills”(NJSLS-CLKS)marked a significant reform and adjustment to New Jersey's vocational education learning standards.In the era of the information age,there is a call for“digital citizenship”education,an increased market skills gap due to the green transformation,and growing importance placed on competency standards in vocational education.This standard,guided by the principles of diversifying skill targets,high expectations for all students,and research-based practice,provides a framework for disciplinary concepts and skill structures.It incorporates related learning plans and regional performance evaluations.The inspiration for the concept,content design and specific implementation of the standard for the construction of vocational education standards in China is:to establish curriculum learning standards with the subject concept as the core,step-by-step national standards to improve the quality of vocational education,and coordinate the decentralization of power and quality accountability to promote the standardization system process.