多渠道招生背景下高职学生学习能力差异及提升策略——基于河北省某高职院校的调查

Difference of Learning Abilities of Vocational College Students under the Background of Multi-channel Enrollment and Promotion Strategies--A Surveyof a College in Hebei Province

我国连续三年实施高职教育扩招政策,高职院校逐步形成了普通高考、单独招生、对口招生、“3+2”升学等四条招生渠道。通过面向河北省某高职院校软件工程类专业师生的调查发现,不同招生渠道学生“群体”、相同招生渠道学生“个体”的学习能力均表现出一定程度的差异,且能力差异项目不同。普通高考生学习能力显著强于其他生源,衔接生学习能力相对较弱,学生自我评价结果与教师评价结果兼具一致性和差异性。推动高职教育高质量发展,需要充分认识多渠道招生政策的附带效应,尊重和包容学生学习能力差异,优化教学组织形式,改进学生评价方式,完善职教高考制度,培养学生学习能力。

With the implementation of the enrollment expansion policy,four enrollment channels,namely the general college entrance examination,separate enrollment,matching enrollment and"3+2"promotion,have been gradually formed in vocational colleges.A survey of teachers and students majoring in sofware engineering in a higher vocational college in Hebei Province found that the learning ability of students from different enrollment channels and individual students from the same enrollment channels showed a certain degree of difference,and the ability difference items were different.The learning ability of ordinary college students was significantly stronger than other students,and the learning ability of bridging students was relatively weak.The results of students'self-evaluation and teachers'evaluation were both consistent and different.In order to promote the high-quality development of higher vocational education,some measures need to be taken,such as the side effect of the multi-channel enrollment policy needs to be recognized,the differences in students'learning ability needs to be respected and accommodated,the teaching organization form needs to be optimized,the student evaluation method needs to be improved,the vocational education college entrance examination system needs to be perfected,and the cultivation of students'learning ability needs to be cultivated.