19世纪下半叶英国的城市化与猩红热--以英格兰和威尔士地区为例

Urbanization and Scarlet Fever in England in the Second Half of the 19th Century--Take the Region of England and Wales

聚焦于19世纪下半叶英国城市化对猩红热致死率的影响,在前人讨论城市环境中的营养水平、公共卫生和政府治理状况的基础上,加入城市人口增长率和城市人口基数的因素进行分析。尽管已经明确营养问题的改善和卫生基础设施的完善是缓解猩红热肆虐的重要因素,但是这两个因素的相对重要性难以权衡。通过对比,分析具体的城市人口数据与死于猩红热人数的关联,城市环境中对猩红热致死率的影响因素得到进一步论证。

This paper focuses on the impact of urbanization on the mortality rate of scarlet fever in the second half of the 19th century in Britain.On the basis of the previous discussion on the nutrition level,public health and government governance in the urban environment,the factors of urban population growth rate and urban population base are added for analysis.Although it has been established that improved nutrition and improved health infrastructure are important factors in reducing the prevalence of scarlet fever,the relative importance of these two factors is diffi cult to weigh.Through comparative analysis of the correlation between specific urban population data and the number of people dying from scarlet fever,the infl uencing factors of the urban environment on the death rate of scarlet fever were further demonstrated.