Recent advances in kinetic and thermodynamic regulation of magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage

Developing safer and more efficient hydrogen storage technology is a pivotal step to realizing the hydrogen economy. Owing to the lightweight, high hydrogen storage density and abundant reserves, MgH_(2) has been widely studied as one of the most promising solidstate hydrogen storage materials. However, defects such as stable thermodynamics, sluggish kinetics and rapid capacity decay have seriously hindered its practical application. This article reviews recent advances in catalyst doping and nanostructures for improved kinetic performance of MgH_(2)/Mg systems for hydrogen release/absorption, the tuning of their thermodynamic stability properties by alloying and reactant destabilization, and the dual thermodynamic and kinetic optimization of the MgH_(2)/Mg system achieved by nanoconfinement with in situ catalysis and ball milling with in situ aerosol spraying, aiming to open new perspectives for the scale-up of MgH_(2) for hydrogen storage applications.