新型电力系统建设环境下的“西电东送”发展研究

Research on Development of West-to-east Power Transmission Under the Environment of New Power System Construction

随着新型电力系统建设进程不断深入,“西电东送”作为实现新能源大范围资源优化配置的有效途径,其经营发展迎来了严峻挑战和重要机遇。为此,首先综合我国新型电力系统建设的相关政策和专家观点,对新型电力系统的内涵特征进行系统分析,提出新型电力系统应以新能源为供应主体,以保障电力安全稳定供应为前提,以满足日益增长的电力需求为目标,以智能电网为枢纽平台,以源网荷储互动与多能互补为支撑,并具体提出发电侧、电网侧和负荷侧的内涵特征。进而从主网架形态和规模、电网规划和投资以及跨省区输电价格机制等多个方面,分析新型电力系统的新特点给“西电东送”带来的机遇与挑战。研究得出,应逐步建立和发展适应电力系统发展的主网架形态和电网投资优化策略,结合底层技术保障“西电东送”安全稳定运行,并将原有的、仅由终端用户支付的单一制电量输电价调整为双侧付费的两部制输电价,以期助力新型电力系统建设,促进我国“双碳”目标的加速实现。

As the construction process of new power systems continues to deepen,the west-to-east power transmission,as an effective way to realize the optimized allocation of large-scale new energy resources,faces severe challenges and important opportunities in its operation and development.Firstly,based on the relevant policies and expert opinions on the construction of China's new power system,this paper analyzes the connotative characteristics of the new power system systematically and proposes that the new power system should take new energy as the main supply and ensure the safe and stable supply of power as the premise to meet the growing demand for electricity.The power system targets the power demand,takes the smart grid as the hub platform,and supports the source-grid-load-storage interaction and multi-energy complementarity.It also specifically proposes the connotative characteristics of the power generation side,the grid side,and the load side.Then,from the aspects of main grid shape and scale,grid planning and investment,and inter-provincial power transmission price mechanism,the paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges posed by the new characteristics of the new power system to west-to-east power transmission.Finally,it is concluded that the main grid form and grid investment optimization strategy that adapt to the development of the power system should be gradually established and developed,combined with the underlying technology to ensure the safe and stable operation of west-to-east power transmission,and the original single system,which is paid only by end users,should be gradually established and developed.The electricity transmission price is adjusted to a two-part system with bilateral payment,with a view to assisting the construction of new power systems and accelerating the realization of China's“double carbon”goal.