解决一维材料黏附行为的实验方法综述

Resolving the Adhesive Behavior of 1D Materials:A Review of Experimental Approaches

一维(1D)材料(如纳米管和纳米线)的黏附行为在集成一维组件的新型器件以及基于一维阵列的仿生黏合剂的有效制造、功能和可靠性中起着决定性作用。本文汇编并批判性地评估了最近的实验技术,旨在表征由一维材料形成的界面的粘附行为(包括当这些材料与衬底或邻近的一维材料接触时)。讨论了一维材料与表面的构象以及与之相关的多粗糙度接触的发生,并探讨了界面附着和剥离过程中黏附和摩擦的耦合。考虑了一维材料作为增强剂在纳米复合材料中的应用以及相关的界面表征技术。研究了样品制备和黏附测试过程中存在的环境条件对一维界面相互作用的潜在影响,并最终改变了一维材料的粘附行为。最后,简要介绍了当前的挑战和未来的方向,包括测试环境的系统调查和通过表面改性改变附着力。

The adhesive behavior of one-dimensional(1D)materials,such as nanotubes and nanowires,plays a decisive role in the effective fabrication,functionality,and reliability of novel devices that integrate 1D components,as well as in biomimetic adhesives based on 1D arrays.This review compiles and critically evaluates recent experimental techniques that aim to characterize the adhesion behavior of interfaces formed by 1D materials,including when such materials are brought into contact with a substrate or adjacent 1D materials.The conformation of 1D material to surfaces and the associated occurrence of multiasperity contact are discussed,and the coupling of adhesion and friction during interfacial attachment and detachment is explored.The use of 1D materials as reinforcement agents in nanocomposites and the associated interfacial characterization techniques are considered.The potential for the environmental conditions that exist during sample preparation and adhesion testing to influence 1D interfacial interactions and,ultimately,to alter the adhesion behavior of a 1D material is scrutinized.Finally,a brief perspective is provided on ongoing challenges and future directions,which include the methodical investigation of the testing environment and the alteration of adhesion through surface modification.