反式-2-己烯醛与可溶性盐联用对柑橘酸腐病菌和酸腐病的抑制作用

Inhibitory Effect of trans-2-Hexenal Combined with Soluble Salts on Geotrichum citri-aurantii and Citrus Sour Rot Disease

由酸腐病菌引起的酸腐病是柑橘采后贮藏的主要病害之一。本研究主要通过体外和体内实验探讨反式-2-己烯醛与可溶性盐联用对柑橘酸腐病菌的抑制作用及对酸腐病的防控效果。结果表明:磷酸钠对酸腐病菌的抑制作用较强,最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimal fungicidal concentration,MFC)分别为4.00 mg/mL和16.00 mg/mL;双乙酸钠的抑制作用较弱,MIC=MFC=16.00 mg/mL;而丙酸钙质量浓度达到16.00 mg/mL时仍无法完全抑制酸腐病菌生长。反式-2-己烯醛与脱氢乙酸钠、磷酸钠、双乙酰钠、丙酸钙两两复合处理的离体实验结果表明,反式-2-己烯醛与磷酸钠、双乙酸钠和丙酸钙联用为协同作用,MIC和MFC均为0.23 mg/mL;反式-2-己烯醛与脱氢乙酸钠联用的MIC=MFC=0.46 mg/mL,为相加作用。活体应用实验结果表明,5×MFC和10×MFC反式-2-己烯醛+脱氢乙酸钠复合处理对接种酸腐病菌的柑橘果实防腐效果最好,处理6 d时其腐烂率为0%,显著低于对照组果实(100%)。结论:反式-2-己烯醛与脱氢乙酸钠联用可有效抑制酸腐病菌生长,降低柑橘酸腐病的发生率。

Sour rot disease,caused by Geotrichum citri-aurantii,is one of the major postharvest diseases of citrus.In this study,the inhibitory effect of trans-2-hexenal combined with soluble salts on G.citri-aurantii and sour rot disease was investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Results showed that sodium phosphate had a strong antifungal activity against G.citri-aurantii,with minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC)of 4.00 and 16.00 mg/mL,respectively,whereas sodium diacetate had relatively poor inhibitory effect,with both MIC and MFC of 16.00 mg/mL.However,the growth of G.citri-aurantii could not be completely inhibited by calcium propionate at 16.00 mg/mL.The in vitro experiments showed that the combination of trans-2-hexenal with sodium phosphate,sodium diacetate or calcium propionate resulted in a synergistic effect,with both MIC and MFC of 0.23 mg/mL.When trans-2-hexenal was combined with sodium dehydroacetate,it resulted in an additive effect,with both MIC and MFC of 0.46 mg/mL.The in vivo experiments showed that the combination of trans-2-hexenal at 5×MFC and 10×MFC with sodium dehydroacetate had the best inhibitory effect on the development of sour rot disease in citrus fruit inoculated with G.citri-aurantii,and the incidence rate was 0%after six days,which was significantly lower than that observed in the control group(100%).The combination of trans-2-hexenal and sodium dehydroacetate can effectively inhibit the growth of G.citri-aurantii and reduce the incidence of sour rot disease of citrus.