试析欧盟推动对华“去风险”

Analysis on EU's"De-Risking"Approach Towards China

自欧盟提出对华“去风险”以来,这一表述短时间内成为欧美对华政策主基调,并推动美西方对华政策新一轮合流。欧盟对华“去风险”内涵刻意保持模糊,实质上强调“减少依赖”甚至部分“脱钩”,核心手段包括提升技术实力、外国投资审查、出口管制、对外投资管控等。欧盟对华“去风险”主要受地缘政治焦虑加剧、经济保护主义冲动上升、强调统一对华立场、对华认知趋于负面、欧美对华协调加强等因素影响,将加剧对华政策的泛安全化、压缩中欧合作空间、加速欧美对华政策协调,其走向有一定不确定性,全面落地并不容易。

Since the EU proposed the de-risking"approach towards China,it has rapidly become the main tone of European and American policy towards China and has driven a new round of convergence in Western policies.The essence of EU's"de-risking"with China is deliberately kept vague,emphasizing"reducing dependency"and even partial"decoupling."The key elements of"de-risking"with China include the enhancement of technological capabilities,foreign investment screening,stringent export controls,and the regulation of outbound investments.The EU's"de-risking"approach towards China is primarily influenced by factors such as intensified geopolitical concerns,the rise of economic protectionism,the emphasis of EU on a unified stance towards China,the tendency of negative perceptions of China,and the strengthened coordination between Europe and the United States on China policy.This"derisking"'approach is poised to exacerbate the pan-securitization of EU policies towards China,narrow the space for Sino-European cooperation,and accelerate the coordination of European and American policies pertaining to China.Nevertheless,the ultimate trajectory of this approach remains uncertain,and its complete implementation is not easy.