巴基斯坦政党政治的新特点

New Features of Pakistan Party Politics

近期,巴基斯坦政党政治在军政关系、体制演化和政治理念三方面呈现新特点:一是政党政治持续演化,两党竞逐转化为正运党、穆盟(谢)和人民党三党鼎力态势;二是变革主义影响日深,与传统主义难分伯仲;三是军政府—民政府周期循环被打破。而这些特点背后因素是巴基斯坦社会结构发生变化、社交媒体作用及巴军方干政方式改变。巴政党体制仍在持续发展中,政党间斗争及理念碰撞将更加激烈。激烈的党争拖累巴政府行政,造成社会撕裂,经济发展不力,但总体上民主选举体制维持了一定的稳定,10多年没有中断,巴基斯坦政治正逐渐迈入新时期。鉴于中巴全天候友好关系,巴基斯坦政局发展不会影响中巴关系,中巴经济走廊也将顺利推进。

Party politics in Pakistan has taken on new features in terms of military-political relations,institutional evolution and political philosophy recently.Pakistan's political party system continues to transform,developing towards a tripartite confrontation system;the influence of reform demand is deepening;the military government-civilian government cycle is broken.The changes in social structure,the development of social media,and the cognitive changes of the Pakistan military have contributed to the above new features.The polarization of Pakistan's party politics has caused administrative inefficiency,social tearing,economic deterioration and ineffective disaster relief.However,the uninterrupted party politics has made it possible to move towards stability.The political instability of Pakistan political parties has caused fluctuations in major diplomatic relations;the foreign debt crisis has become an urgent issue.The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is generally not affected by party disputes.