飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术来源的角膜基质透镜保存方法的研究进展

Research progress of corneal stromal lenticules preservation methods derived from small incision lenticule extraction with femtosecond laser

飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)为屈光手术的主流术式。SMILE术中取出的大量新鲜角膜基质透镜组织可被回收再利用于临床,治疗远视、老视、角膜溃疡、圆锥角膜和边缘性角膜变性等眼科疾病,早期已取得良好的治疗效果。但因时间、地点等因素限制,大多新鲜透镜组织无法立即使用,且缺乏简单有效的保存方法,致使大部分新鲜透镜被丢弃。因此,探索角膜基质透镜的保存方法,提高其利用率具有重要意义。目前,角膜基质透镜的保存方法主要有超低温冷冻保存、介质保存、超低温冷冻联合介质保存、去细胞化保存和新型营养胶囊保存法。本文就SMILE来源的角膜基质透镜保存方法的研究进展进行综述,以期为角膜基质透镜的临床深入研究及应用提供参考。

Femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)is the main method of refractive surgery.A large amount of fresh corneal stromal lens tissues extracted during SMILE operation can be recycled and reused in clinic to treat eye diseases such as hyperopia,presbyopia,corneal ulcer,keratoconus and marginal corneal degeneration,and good therapeutic effect has been achieved in the early stage.However,due to restriction of time,place and other factors,most of the fresh lens tissue can not be used immediately,and simple and effective preservation methods are lacked,resulting in most of the fresh lens discarded.Therefore,it is important to explore the preservation method of corneal stromal lens and improve its utilization rate.At present,the preservation methods of corneal stromal lens mainly include ultra-low temperature cryopreservation,medium preservation,ultra-low temperature cryopreservation combined with medium preservation,decellularization preservation and new nutrient capsule preservation.This article reviewed the research progress of preservation methods of corneal stromal lens derived from SMILE surgery in order to provide references for further clinical research and application of corneal stromal lens.