溶血磷脂酸在眼部疾病作用中的研究进展

Research progress on the role of lysophosphatidic acid in ocular diseases

溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)是一种具有生物活性的天然甘油磷脂,它特异性地通过LPA受体与G蛋白耦连结合,通过多种途径参与细胞应激、信号传导、炎症反应、细胞保护等多种病理生理活动。LPA在眼部组织细胞中普遍存在并具有多种生理效应,如通过刺激角膜内皮细胞增殖促进角膜伤口愈合;诱导细胞外基质纤维化加重青光眼进展;通过晶状体上皮细胞增加游离钙浓度加重白内障的发展。此外,它在视网膜脱离和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的发生发展过程中也起着重要的作用。本文对LPA及其受体在眼部疾病作用中的研究进展给予综述。

Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a natural glycerophosphatidic phospholipid with biological activity.LPA specifically binds to G protein through LPA receptor,and participates in a variety of pathophysiological activities such as cell stress,signal transduction,inflammatory response,and cell protection through a variety of pathways.LPA is ubiquitous in ocular tissues and cells and has a variety of physiological effects,such as promoting corneal wound healing by stimulating corneal endothelial cell proliferation.Extracellular matrix fibrosis is induced to aggravate the progression of glaucoma.Increasing free calcium concentration by lens epithelial cells aggravates the development of cataract.In ad-dition,it also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of retinal detachment and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.This article reviews the research progress of LPA and its receptors in ocular diseases.