中国网络治理30年:“一体多元模式”的演进历程与规律启示

China's Internet Governance in the Past 30 Years:Evolution and Inspiration of the"Integrated Diverse Model"

中国网络治理30年历程的突出成就,是为中国全面迈向数字时代的社会治理提供宝贵而丰富的实践经验,具有不可替代的先导性和引领变革的参照性。本文遵循互联网技术的全球演进历程和内在逻辑,以年代为划分标准,系统梳理跨越1990年代、2000年代、2010年代和2020年代四个阶段的中国网络治理30年演进历程,挖掘和提炼关键事件和重要节点,总结概括中国特色网络治理路径和模式。中国网络治理始终契合互联网技术的发展特性,基于问题导向进行实践摸索,以超越传统全知全能型政府思维的“政府去中心化”,形成中国特色的网络综合治理体系,构成事实上的“一体多元模式”,这也成为中国网络治理最重要的制度创新和突破。中国网络治理的制度创新是中国互联网快速发展的关键因素,也是确保社会稳定和驱动创新的根本所在,更为新形势下全球网络治理提供宝贵的中国经验和中国智慧。

The remarkable achievements of China's 30-year history of Internet governance have provided valuable and extensive practical experience for China's comprehensive social governance in the digital era.Moreover,they offer irreplaceable guidance and serve as a reference to leading transformative changes.By following the global evolutionary process and internal logic of Internet technology,this paper systematically examines the 30-year evolution of China's Internet governance,covering four stages of the 1990s,2000s,20i0s,and 2020s.It meticulously analyzes key events and crucial moments,making outlines on the unique path and models of Internet governance with Chinese characteristics.China's approach to network governance has consistently aligned with the development of Internet technology.It is rooted in problem-oriented practices and explorations,aiming to transcend the conventional thinking of an omniscient and omnipotent government by embracing a comprehensive network governance system tailored to China's specific context.This system embodies a de facto"integrated diverse model,"which stand as the most significant institutional innovation and breakthrough in China's network governance.The institutional innovations in China's Internet governance have played a pivotal role in the rapid development of the Internet within the country.Furthermore,these innovations have been fundamental in ensuring social stability and driving innovation.Consequently,they offer valuable Chinese experiences and insights for global Internet governance in the current conditions.