天然槐米染料的提取及其在汉麻纤维上的染色性能

Extraction of natural locust rice dye and its dyeing performance on hemp fiber

以水煮法对天然槐米染料进行提取,探究料液比、乙醇体积分数、温度和时间对槐米染料提取效果的影响。通过分析槐米提取物的红外光谱,得出槐米的主要染色成分并对其提取工艺进行研究。将通过最佳提取工艺获得的槐米提取液用于汉麻纤维染色。通过单因素及正交试验分析确定了最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1∶15、乙醇体积分数40%、提取温度80℃、提取时间70 min。槐米染色汉麻纤维的最佳染色工艺条件为:振速200 mm/s、温度50℃、染色时间30 min、浴比1∶30。选用硫酸铝钾和硫酸亚铁为媒染剂,质量浓度为5 g/L,得出不同媒染方法中后媒染的染色性能最佳。最后通过测试不同媒染剂及不同媒染方法后汉麻纤维的耐汗渍、耐皂洗、耐摩擦和耐日晒性能,分析染色对生物脱胶汉麻纤维性能的影响。

The natural locust rice dye is extracted by boiling method,and the effects of the material-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,temperature and time on the extraction of locust rice dye are investigated.By analyzing the infrared spectrum of locust rice extract,the main dyeing components of locust rice are derived and the extraction process of locust rice is studied.Locust rice extract obtained by optimal extraction process is used for hemp fiber dyeing.Through the analysis of univariate and orthogonal experiments,the optimum extraction process conditions are determined:feed-liquid ratio1:15,ethanol concentration 40%,extraction at 80 C for 70 min,and the optimum process of hemp dyeing with locust rice are:vibration speed 200 mm/s,dyeing at 50℃for 30 min with bath ratio 1:30.Using aluminum potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate as mordant agents with a mass concentration of 5 g/L,it is found that the dyeing performance of post mordant dyeing is the best among different mordant dyeing methods.Finally,the effects of dyeing on the properties of biologically degummed hemp fibers are analyzed by testing the color fastness to sweat,soap washing,rubbing and anti-UV property of hemp fiber with different mordants and different mordant dyeing methods.