学术与政治的冲突:太平洋国际学会调查项目出台问题研究

Academic and Political Conflict:Research on Issue of the Institute of Pacific Relations'Inquiry

九一八事变起,日本不断扩大侵略中国,挑战华盛顿体系,危害世界和平。日本侵华,也危及太平洋国际学会的和平理念。学会秘书处和美国分会逐渐开始谴责日本侵略,要求美国政府明确远东政策。七七事变后不久,太平洋国际学会秘书处出台了调查项目,试图将非官方学术与国际政治问题紧密联系在一起,通过对远东局势的客观分析,以应对日本全面侵华引发的危及太平洋安全的各种问题。调查项目提出后,各国分会均表示欢迎,却遭到日本分会激烈反对。日本分会恐慌于调查日本侵华真相,拒绝参与项目研究,以退出学会威胁秘书处作废项目,并荒谬地指控其违背学会非政府理念,甚至不派代表参加学会1939年国际会议。自此,美日两国知识界难以再进行学术上的合作。因调查引发的学会内部美日两国学者的对立,也昭示着美日两国关系走向最终破裂。

Since the September 18th Incident,Japan had continuously expanded its aggression,challenged the Washington system,and endangered the Asia peace.Japan's aggression against China also endangered the Institute of Pacific Relations peace concept.The IPR secretariat and the American Council gradually began to condemn Japanese aggression and demanded that the US government clarified its Far East policy.Shortly after the July 7th Incident,the IPR secretariat launched the Inquiry program,which attempted to link unoffi-cial academia and international political issues closely,it aimed to address a variety of issues that threatened Pacific security caused by Japan's aggression against China by objective analysis of the Far East situation.Immediately after the Inquiry program was proposed,all National Councils welcomed it,but the Japan Coun-cil fiercely opposed it.Japan Council was afraid to investigate the truth about Japan's aggression,refused to participate in the program,threatened to withdraw from the Institute which aimed to push the secretariat to cancel the program,and absurdly accused it of violating the Institute's non-governmental nature,and even did not send representatives to attend the Institute's 1939 international conference.Since then,the confron-tation between scholars from the United States and Japan within IPR caused by the Inquiry program indicat-ed the direction of the ultimate rupture of the relationship between the United States and Japan.