昆虫抗菌肽的研究进展

Progress of insect antimicrobial peptides

目的综述昆虫抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides,AMPs)的结构、功能、应用等方面的特征及其近年来的研究进展。方法参考国内外68篇文献,从昆虫抗菌肽的结构与分类、抗菌机制、生物学活性及应用四方面进行总结和综述。结果昆虫抗菌肽种类繁多,根据结构特征被分为四大类,主要通过细菌细胞膜损伤和细胞内杀伤机制产生抑菌效果。除抗菌活性外,近期研究发现昆虫抗菌肽还具有抗病毒、抗寄生虫和抗肿瘤的生物活性,并初步应用于畜牧、农业和医药等领域。结论昆虫抗菌肽不仅具有高效的抗菌作用,是传统抗生素的良好替代候选,同时还具有抗寄生虫、抗病毒和抗肿瘤的活性,但对其作用靶点、具体作用机制以及应用领域方面有待进一步深入研究。

Objective To summarize the structure,function and application of insect antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)and its research progress in recent years.Methods In light of 45 published literatures,structure,classification,antibacterial mechanism,biological activity and application of insect antimicrobial peptides were briefly reviewed and summarized.Results There are various insect antimicrobial peptides classified into four kinds by their structural characteristics.Apart from antibacterial activity,recent studies may also shed light on the role of insect antimicrobial peptides on antiviral,anti-parasitic and anti-tumor.To date,some insect AMPs have been preliminary applied in animal husbandry,agriculture and medicine fields.Conclusion Insect antimicrobial peptides are not only good alternative candidates for traditional antibiotics due to their high antibacterial activity,but also are capable of anti-parasitic,anti-virus and anti-tumor activities.However,further experiments are still required to characterize more completely of insect antimicrobial peptides on the target spectrum,functional mechanism and application fields.