低碳导向下滇西北石漠化山区国土空间综合分区

Territorial Space Comprehensive Zones Under the Guidance of Low Carbon in the Rocky Desertification Mountains of Northwest Yunnan Province

在中国碳中和战略背景下,探索低碳生态发展框架下的国土空间分区是国土空间优化的核心所在。文章以石漠化山区玉龙县为研究区,在土地利用变化分析基础上,核算2010、2020年玉龙县的碳源、碳汇,分析其时空变化特征;在分析区域碳源/汇效益及生境质量基础上,以低碳发展与生态保护为目标来划分国土空间综合分区,并提出了协同减排的差异性对策建议。结果表明:(1)2010—2020年,玉龙县土地利用结构以乔木林地、灌木林地、草地和旱地等为主,城镇建设用地增加的速度最快。(2)2010—2020年,玉龙县碳源增长剧烈,碳排放量涨幅高达74.96%,碳排放增长量远超碳吸收增长量。(3)2010—2020年,玉龙县碳源/汇效益有较大的提升,但仍有大范围低效益区域;玉龙县以高等级生境质量区域为主。(4)以碳源/汇效益和生境质量为划分依据,可将玉龙县划分为6个分区:碳汇功能保持区、低碳限制发展区、减碳优先发展区、增汇生态修复区、高碳生产优化区和高碳总量控制区。

In the context of China's implementation of its carbon neutrality strategy,exploring territorial space zoning under the framework of low-carbon ecological development is the core of territorial space optimization.Yulong County in rocky desertification mountainous area was taken as the research area.Based on the analysis of land use changes,the carbon source and carbon sink in Yulong County in 2010 and 2020 were calculated and its spatial-temporal characteristics were analyzed,then comprehensive territorial space zones were divided for the coupling of carbon source/sink and ecology,and the differences of collaborative reduction countermeasures are put forward.The results showed that:(1)The land use structure of Yulong County from 2010 to 2020 was dominated by forest,shrub land,grassland,dry land,and build-up land increased the fastest.(2)The growth of carbon sources in Yulong County from 2010 to 2020 is dramatic,with carbon emissions rising by 74.96%,and the growth in carbon emissions far exceeding the growth in carbon sequestration.(3)The benefits of carbon sink in Yulong County increased greatly from 2010 to 2020,but there were still large areas with low benefits.Moreover,Yulong County was dominated by areas with high habitat quality.(4)According to the carbon source,carbon sink benefit and habitat quality,Yulong County was divided into six zones:carbon sink function zone,low carbon and limited development zone,reducing carbon source and priority to develop zone,ecological restoration area,high carbon production optimization zone and high carbon total control zone.