大同市主城区热岛效应及土地利用时空变化分析

Analysis of Heat Island Effect and Spatial-temporal Changes of Land Use in Datong Main Urban Area

以大同市主城区为研究对象,选取2004年、2009年、2015年和2019年共4期Landsat5 TM、Landsat8 OLI/TIRS影像作为数据源。借助ArcGIS软件,分析2004—2019年大同市主城区城市热岛的时空分布特征以及土地利用类型变化特征,最后进一步研究两者之间的相关性。结果表明:(1)大同市主城区热岛现象明显且强热岛和热岛区域面积逐年扩大,增加最明显的区域是云岗区和新荣区改为:云岗区、新荣区和云州区,近年来热岛趋势减缓。(2)在2004—2019年的15年间,城镇建设用地、草地和林地面积呈现扩张趋势,水体和耕地面积则呈现缩减趋势,土地利用类型变化强度由高到低依次为城镇建设用地、林地、耕地、水体和草地。(3)不同土地利用类型的地表温度具有明显差异,建设用地最高,草地和耕地次之,植被和水体温度最低。

The main urban area of Datong City is taken as the research object,and a total of four Landsat5 TM and Landsat8 OLI/TIRS images in 2004,2009,2015 and 2019 are selected as the data source.With the help of ArcGIS software,we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of urban heat island in the main urban area of Datong City and the change characteristics of land use types from 2004 to 2019,and finally further investigated the correlation between the two.The results show that:①the heat island phenomenon in the main urban area of Datong City is obvious and the area of strong heat island and heat island area expands year by year,and the areas with the most obvious increase are Yungang and Xinrong districts,and the trend of heat island slows down in recent years.②During the 15-year period from 2004 to 2019,the areas of urban construction land,grassland and forest land in Datong City showed an expanding trend,while the areas of water bodies and cultivated land showed a shrinking trend,and the intensity of change in land use types was urban construction land,forest land,cultivated land,water bodies and grassland in descending order.③The surface temperatures of different land use types have obvious differences,with construction land being the highest,grassland and cropland the next highest,and vegetation and water bodies the lowest.