伴与不伴非自杀性自伤抑郁症患者的依恋类型研究

Attachment styles in depressive patients with or without non-suicidal self-injury

目的探讨伴与不伴非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为抑郁症患者的依恋类型。方法选取154例抑郁症患者作为研究对象,按照是否伴有非自杀性自伤行为分为两组,其中存在NSSI行为组(研究组)72例,无NSSI行为组(对照组)82例。对比两组亲密关系体验问卷(ECR-R)、非自杀性自伤行为问卷评分差异性并做相关性分析。结果研究组安全型依恋14例(19.4%),不安全依恋58例(80.6%);对照组安全型依恋33例(40.2%),不安全依恋49例(59.8%)。研究组不安全依恋类型比例高于对照组(P<0.01)。不同依恋类型的自伤评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),安全型的自伤评分最低(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,迷恋型、恐惧型是抑郁症患者NSSI行为发生的高风险因素(P<0.05)。结论伴有NSSI抑郁症患者中安全型依恋类型占比较低,且伴有NSSI抑郁症患者组安全型依恋类型患者的自伤种类较少,迷恋型、恐惧型是抑郁症患者NSSI发生的高风险因素。

Objective To explore attachment styles in patients with major depressive disorder with or without non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviors.Methods A total of 154 patients with major depressive disorder were selected and divided into study group(72 cases,with NSSI)and control group(82 cases,without NSSI).They were all assessed with Experience in Close Relationship-Revised Version(ECR-R)and NSSI Behavior Questionnaire,and their differences and correlations were analyzed.Results There were 14 cases with secure attachment(19.4%)and 58 cases with insecure attachment(80.6%)in study group;33 cases with secure attachment(40.2%)and 49 cases with insecure attachment(59.8%)in control group.The proportion of insecure attachment in study group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Patients with different attachment styles showed different scores in NSSI Behavior Questionnaire(P<0.01),and the patients with secure attachment showed the lowest score in NSSI Behavior Questionnaire(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that preoccupied attachment and fearful attachment were risk factors for NSSI in depressive patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The proportion of secure attachment style in depressive patients with NSSI is relatively low,and those with secure attachment style tend to adopt few kinds of self-injury behaviors.Preoccupied and fearful attachment styles are high risk factors for NSSI in patients with depression.