碳纤维-手撕钢复合材料的力学性能及除冰功能

Mechanical Property and De-Icing Function of Carbon Fibre-Hand-Torn Steel Composites

碳纤维增强复合材料因其轻质高强等优异特性,在轨道交通、航空航天等领域具有重要作用。然而,作为高空飞行器表面结构材料,碳纤维复合材料在低温环境中存在力学性能衰减和结冰等问题,严重影响了其服役安全性。以单向碳纤维预浸料和不锈钢超薄带即手撕钢为原材料,采用铺层固化的方法,设计了不同裁剪形状的手撕钢与碳纤维铺层的“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料,并对其在电流驱动下的力学性能和除冰功能进行研究。研究表明,手撕钢不仅能够改善复合材料内部的应力分布,提升力学性能,而且由于手撕钢的电流致热效应,能够实现复合材料的温度调控,从而进一步改善材料的强度和吸能特性。此外,手撕钢的裁剪宽度对于调控电流通路及其致热效应具有重要影响,是优化材料力学性能和除冰功能的关键因素。研究结果对于“碳纤维-手撕钢”复合材料的力学设计和电流驱动除冰功能实现具有一定的指导意义,并有望在航天航空等领域得到重要应用。

Carbon fibre reinforced composites have an important role in rail transportation,aerospace and other fields due to their excellent properties such as lightweight and high strength.However,as a surface structure material for high-altitude vehicles,carbon fibre reinforced composites suffer from mechanical property degradation and icing in low-temperature environments,which seriously affect their service safety.In this paper,a“carbon fibre-hand-torn steel”composite is designed using unidirectional carbon fibre prepreg and stainless steel ultra-thin belts,i.e.hand-torn steel,as the raw material,and a lay-up curing method is used to design a“carbon fibre-hand-torn steel”composite consisting of hand-torn steel with different cut shapes and carbon fibre lay-up.It is shown that the hand-torn steel not only improves the mechanical properties by improving the internal stress distribution of the composite,but also enables the temperature regulation of the composite due to the current-driven thermal effect of the hand-torn steel,which further improves the material strength and energy absorption properties.In addition,the cutting width of the hand-torn steel has an important influence on the regulation of the current path and its thermogenic effect,which is a key factor in optimizing the mechanical properties and de-icing function of the material.This paper provides guidance on the mechanical design and current-driven de-icing of carbon fibre-hand-torn steel composites,and is expected to have important applications in aerospace and other fields.