基于文献计量学的药食同源健脾类保健食品专利的研究趋势与发展前景分析:2000-2022年

Patents research and development prospects of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food from 2000 to 2022:a bibliometric analysis

目的为了分析我国药食同源健脾类保健食品专利的研究现状与发展趋势,为中医药健脾类健康产品的研发提供思路与参考依据。方法检索国家市场监督管理总局网站“特殊食品信息查询平台”及incoPat全球专利数据库,基于文献计量学方法梳理我国已注册的药食同源健脾类保健食品、专利相关数据信息,分析我国健脾类保健食品专利研发数量、地域与机构,技术与功效分类、主要药物组成和有效成分等,应用R语言与Cy-toScape软件对筛选后的专利数据进行可视化分析。结果共纳入分析药食同源健脾类保健食品专利285例。自2012年起,我国药食同源健脾类保健食品注册专利数量大幅增加;在过去20年中,专利公开数量排名前5的省份为广东、安徽、江苏、山东与广西;超过20例的专利中的技术功效短语有“关于增强免疫类”“关于消化类”“关于预防疾病类”等;专利注册以企业研发为主导,科研机构和个人申请为辅,主要针对食品或食料的一般保存,化合物或药物制剂的特定治疗活性等配制品的研发;285例专利中,排名前10的药食同源健脾类保健食品主要原料药为山药、茯苓、山楂、白术、陈皮、大枣、甘草、蜂蜜、麦芽与党参,主要功效为补脾益气、健脾益肺、养血生津、补脾养胃等。结论药食同源健脾类保健食品的主要药物组成、功能性成分较为明确,健脾胃、消积食、增强免疫力等技术功效靶向性较强。本文为后续药食同源健脾类保健食品产品研发、机理研究和工艺改进提供了参考依据。

Objective To analyze the current status and development trends of the patents of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China,and to provide ideas and references for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food.Methods The State Administration for Market Regulation website’s“Special Food Information Query Platform”and the incoPat global patent database were searched in this study.Based on the methods of bibliometrics,the registered health food and patents related to spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China were sorted out.Furthermore,the research and development numbers,provinces,institutions,technology and efficacy classification,major drugs,active ingredients and others of invigorating spleen health food in China were analyzed,and filtered patent data were visualized and analyzed by R programming language and CytoScape software.Results A total of 285 patents of health food with the homology of medicine and food for invigorating spleen were included and analyzed.From 2012,the patent registration numbers of these spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food increased significantly in China.Over the past 20 years,the top five provinces in terms of patent disclosures were Guangdong,Anhui,Jiangsu,Shandong,and Guangxi.It was found that the technical efficacy of over 20 patents was described as“immune enhancement”“digestion”“disease prevention”,etc.Patent applications were mainly aimed at the research and development of the preservation of food or ingredients,the specific therapeutic activity of compounds,and pharmaceutical preparations,which were led by corporation research and development registrations,and supplemented by applications from research institutions and individuals.Among the 285 patents,the top 10 raw materials of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food were Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus),Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma),Chenpi(Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium),Dazao(Jujubae Fructus),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Fengmi(Mel),Maiya(Hordei Fructus Germinatus),and Dangshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).The main functions were to nourish spleen and replenish Qi,invigorate spleen and benefit lungs,nourish blood and promote fluid production,and nourish spleen and stomach.Conclusion The main drug composition and functional components of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food are relatively clear,and the technical effects of invigorating the spleen and stomach,eliminating accumulation of food,and enhancing immunity are highly targeted.This paper provides evidence for the research and development,mechanism research,and process improvement of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in the future.