吸气式直流低速风洞实验平台设计与应用

Design and Application of Experimental Platform for Aspirating DC Low-Speed Wind Tunnel

为了研究风力机叶片、翼型、建筑模型的空气动力学性能和流场特性,研究设计了一套吸气式直流低速风洞实验平台。该平台由电动机、变频器、整流装置、收缩段、实验段及扩散段等部分组成,采用热线风速仪、皮托管、麦克风分别对实验段流场和噪声进行了测定,结果表明:设计的平台流场性能稳定,实验段来流风速在1.5~40 m/s范围内连续可调,来流湍流强度小于0.7%,且气动噪声值在来流风速低于25 m/s时低于90 dB,满足流场品质要求。进一步开展了风力机尾流特性、低矮房屋风载特性、翼型气动特性实验,探讨风力机、低矮房屋和翼型表面风压分布的变化规律,该研究结果可以为风洞实验设计、流场特性和缩尺模型的气动性能研究提供参考。

To study the aerodynamic performance and flow field characteristics of wind turbine blades,airfoils and building models,a set of inspiratory DC low-speed wind tunnel experimental platform is designed.The platform is composed of motor,frequency converter,rectifier,contraction section,test section and diffusion section.The hot wire anemometer,pitot tube and microphone are used to measure the flow field and noise in the test section.The results show that the designed platform has stable flow field performance,the inflowing wind speed in the wind-tunnel test section is continuously adjustable from 1.5 to 40 m/s,the inflowing turbulence intensity is less than 0.7%.And the value of the aerodynamic noise is less than 90 dB when the inflowing wind speed is less than 25 m/s,meeting the quality requirements of the flow field.Furthermore,characteristics of wind turbine wake,wind load of low-rise building and airfoil aerodynamic are carried out to clarify the variation pattern of surface wind pressure distribution for wind turbines,low-rise buildings,and airfoils.The research results in the present paper can provide effective reference for designing wind tunnel experiment,researching flow field characteristics and aerodynamic performance of scaled models.