美国能源部国家实验室国际科技合作趋势及启示

Trends and Enlightenment of International Scientific and Technological Cooperation of National Laboratories of US Department of Energy

正值我国加快国家实验室建设、大力推进国家重点实验室体系重组之际,分析美国国家实验室国际科技合作模式对我国具有积极意义。作者采用科学计量学方法,从美国能源部下属国家实验室科技论文的国际合作视角入手,分析美国科技发展和国际合作政策的运作机制。研究认为中国应扩大多元化的多边合作,降低中美双边科技合作可能会带来的潜在风险,并积极发起中国主导的国际合作计划,将未来国际科技合作聚焦于服务我国战略目标和重大需求。同时中国可借鉴美国国家实验室建设经验,加强技术类实验室建设力度,建立区别于科学类实验室的可持续发展机制。

China is accelerating the construction of national laboratories and vigorously promoting the restructuring of the national key laboratory system.It is of positive significance for China to learn from the international S&T cooperation model of the United States national laboratories in this developing period.This paper analyzes the operation mechanism of the U.S.science and technology development and international cooperation policies by using the method of scientometrics.The study believes that China should expand diversified multilateral cooperation,and reduce potential risks possibly brought by the bilateral S&T cooperation between China and USA.Meanwhile,China should initiate international cooperation programs led by China actively and focus future international S&T cooperation on serving China’s strategic goals and major needs.At the same time,China could use USA’s experience in national laboratories’development to strengthen technical laboratories development effort and build sustainable development mechanisms distinguished from science laboratories.