轮对间隙对可变轨距机车动力学性能的影响研究

Study on Wheelset Clearance Influence on Dynamic Performance of Variable Gauge Locomotives

基于动力学仿真分析,建立了一种适用于1435/1520 mm轨距转换的25 t轴重变轨距转向架机车的动力学模型;重点计算了轮对周向间隙和轴向间隙(统称为轮对间隙)对轮轨相互作用的影响,分析了轮对间隙增大对机车运行性能影响,结合相关动力学指标对各项动力学性能进行评定。分析结果表明:变轨距机车考虑轮对间隙后,机车在相同运行条件下的轮轨垂向力、轮轴横向力、轮对垂向加速度和轮对横向加速度峰值略有增大,但增幅在可接受范围内;考虑轮对间隙由设计值增大到磨耗限值时,变轨距机车运行稳定性和平稳性指标略有变差,但各项指标值均在标准规定的限值范围内,表明25 t轴重变轨距机车的轮对间隙设计限值合理可行。

Based on dynamic simulation analysis,a dynamic model of 25t axle load variable gauge bogie locomotive suitable is established for 1435/1520 mm gauge conversion.The influence of wheelset circumferential clearance and axial clearance(collectively referred to as wheelset clearance)on wheel-rail interaction is calculated,the influence of wheelset clearance increase on locomotive running performance is analyzed,and the dynamic performance is evaluated by combining relevant dynamic index.The analysis results show that after considering the wheelset clearance of the variable gauge locomotive,the peak value of the wheel-rail vertical force,axle lateral force,wheelset vertical acceleration and wheelset lateral acceleration of the locomotive under the same operating conditions is slightly greater than that without the wheelset clearance condition,but the increase is within the acceptable range.Considering that when the wheelset clearance increases from the design value to the wear limit,the running stability and stability indicators of the variable gauge locomotive are slightly worse,but the values of each index are within the limit value specified in the standard,indicating that the wheelset clearance design limit of the 25 t axle load variable gauge locomotive is reasonable and feasible.