干扰方式对香蕉园入侵杂草群落种间关联的影响

Interspecific association of invasive weeds communityon different disturbance modes in banana fields

【目的】探讨干扰方式对香蕉园入侵杂草群落种间关联的影响。【方法】在样方调查的基础上,运用方差比率法(V_(R))、χ^(2)检验、联结系数A_(c)、Ochiai指数I_(O)、Spearman秩相关分析法研究人工挖除、药剂除草、机械割除3种干扰方式下香蕉园入侵杂草的种间关联特征。【结果】白花鬼针草、阔叶丰花草、鹅肠菜为香蕉农田入侵杂草的主要建群种,入侵杂草群落总体方差比率V_(R)均大于1,3种杂草管理方式群落种间总体呈显著正联结趋势。χ^(2)检验显示,人工挖除方式有3个种对显著联结,1个种对(香附子-两耳草)极显著联结;药剂除草方式有3个种对显著联结;机械割除方式有6个种对显著联结,3个种对(鹅肠菜-败酱叶菊芹、阔叶丰花草-败酱叶菊芹、阔叶丰花草-无刺含羞草)极显著联结。联结系数A_(c)、联结程度I^(O)分析得到的结果与χ2检验基本一致,达到显著和极显著联结的种对较少,大部分入侵杂草种间联结性较弱。Spearman相关性分析显示,人工挖除、药剂除草、机械割除3种干扰方式的入侵杂草显著相关的种对比例均较低,分别为18.2%、14.3%、13.6%。【结论】3种干扰方式的香蕉园入侵杂草种间关系均较松散,机械割除方式的杂草群落更趋于稳定。阔叶丰花草在不同干扰方式下与种间都有显著的关联性,对杂草群落稳定共存发挥重要作用,在香蕉园杂草生物防治中具有利用潜力。

【Aim】We studied the interspecific association of the invasive weed community in banana fields under different disturbance modes.【Method】We performed field surveys and used the variance ratio method,χ^(2)test,association coefficient,Ochiai index,and Spearman rank correlation analysis to identify the interspecific association characteristics of invasive weeds in banana fields under three interference modes of artificial weeding,chemical weeding,and mechanical weeding.【Result】Bidens pilosa,Spermacoce alata,and Myosoton aquaticum were found to be the main invasive weeds under the three models in banana fields.The overall variance ratio V_(R)of invasive weed communities was greater than 1,and there was a significant positive association trend among the weeds under the three management modes.χ^(2)test showed that there were 3 species pairs of significant association and 1 species pairs(Cyperus rotundus&Paspalum conjugatum)of extremely significant association in artificial weeding;There were 3 species pairs in the way of chemical weeding;There were 6 species pairs of significant association and 3 species pairs(Myosoton aquaticum&Erechtites valerianifolius,Spermacoce alata&Erechtites valerianifolius,Spermacoce alata&Mimosa diplotricha var.inermis)of extremely significant association in mechanical cutting.The results obtained from the analysis of association coefficient(A_(c)),association degree(I_(O)),andχ^(2)test inspection were consistent.Few species pairs were significant or extremely significant,and the interspecific association of most invasive weeds was weak.Spearman correlation analysis showed that in artificial weeding,chemical weeding,and mechanical weeding,the proportions of species pairs significantly related to invasive weeds were low:18.2%,14.3%,and 13.6%,respectively.【Conclusion】The weed community exhibited positive succession under mechanical cutting,which indicated that moderate reduction in disturbance which was beneficial for community stability.Spermacoce alata showed a significant correlation with species under different disturbance modes,indicating its potential role in the stable coexistence of weed communities and its potential for use in the biological control of weeds in banana fields.