益生菌耐热机制研究进展

Progress on heat resistance mechanism of probiotics

益生菌对人类和动物有多种益生作用,已经被广泛应用到生产和生活当中。但益生菌在生产和使用过程中,不可避免的要受到高温、脱水、氧化等不良环境条件的影响,导致菌体受损甚至死亡,严重制约着益生菌产业的发展。研究表明,不同的益生菌菌株经过抗逆性胁迫、诱变、基因改造等方式可以提高菌株本身的耐热能力,而且益生菌胁迫耐受性是受多种代谢途径调控的复杂生理过程,主要表现为细胞膜结构、蛋白质结构、热应激蛋白、DNA/RNA稳定性、渗透保护剂和群体感应系统对益生菌菌株耐热能力的影响。该文对上述研究进行了综述,旨在为益生菌耐热菌株的构建和应用提供参考。

Probiotics have a wide range of beneficial effects on humans and animals,which has been widely used in industry and daily life.However,in the process of production and application,probiotics are inevitably affected by adverse environmental conditions such as high temperature,dehydration,and oxidation,leading to damage and even death,which seriously restricts the development of probiotics industry.Researches show that the heat resistance of different probiotic strains could be improved by resistance stress,mutagenesis,and genetic modification,and that microbial stress tolerance is a complex physiological process regulated by multiple metabolic pathways,which is manifested as the effects of cell membrane structure,protein structure,heat stress proteins,DNA/RNA stability,osmoprotectants,and quorum sensing system on the heat resistance of probiotic strain.This paper summarizes the research above,aiming to provide references for the construction and application of heat-resistant probiotics strains.