高校军民科技创新网络动态演化及技术融合研究

Research on Dynamic Evolution and Technology Integration of Civil-Military Technological Innovation Network in Universities

[目的/意义]高校是军民科技创新的重要推动者,梳理高校的军民科技创新网络动态演化过程能够为促进国防工业与社会经济协同创新发展提供参考。[方法/过程]基于七所高校2001—2020年的专利合作数据,构建了高校军民科技创新二模网络,运用社会网络及技术共现方法,分析了军民科技创新网络的主体地位和技术演化过程。[结果/结论]在二十年中高校的军民科技创新网络规模明显扩大,但整体密度仍然偏低。研究方向变迁具有显著的时代发展特征,机械、测量成为目前技术融合度最广的技术领域,计算机技术深入渗透到其他技术领域。提升高校军民科技创新网络创新绩效的重要方式包括高校利用学科优势与军民企业加大合作力度,重点高校带动地方高校进行关键技术研发以及政府对地方高校的支持。

[Purpose/significance]Universities are important promoters of civil-military technological innovation and sorting out the dynamic evolution process of civil-military technological innovation network of universities can provide reference for promoting the collaborative innovation and development of national defense industry and social economy.[Method/process]Based on the patent cooperation data of seven universities from 2001 to 2020 the paper constructs bipartite network of civil-military technological innovation in universities and analyzes the dominant position and technological evolution process of the civil-military technological innovation network by using social network and technology co-occurrence method.[Result/conclusion]The scale of civil-military technological innovation network in universities has expanded significantly in the past two decades but the overall density is still low.The change of research direction has significant characteristics of the time development.Machinery and measurement have become the most widely integrated technical fields at present and computer technology has penetrated into other technical fields.The important ways to enhance the innovation performance of civil-military technological innovation network in universities include universities use the advantages of disciplines to increase cooperation with military and civilian enterprises key universities drive local universities to conduct key technology research and development and government supports local universities.