基于新制度主义视角的我国中小企业履行社会责任动机研究

Motivation Research of Chinese SMEs in Fulfilling Corporate Social Responsibility Based on Perspective of New Institutionalism

新制度主义认为,企业履行社会责任本质上是对制度压力的一种回应。对嵌入于复杂制度环境的中小企业而言,消极履行社会责任会降低组织合法性,导致企业在竞争过程中处于劣势地位,挤压有限的生存空间。可以说,制度压力改变了中小企业履行社会责任的意愿。本文以我国创业板企业为研究样本,利用新制度主义分析框架,探索我国中小企业在面临规制性、规范性与认知性三重制度压力时的社会责任履行意愿。研究结果显示:制度压力对中小企业履行社会责任的意愿起到一定的推进作用,其中以社交媒介带来的规范性压力表现最为突出。为此,本文从强化制度压力、内化制度驱动、促进制度协同等三个方面提出对策建议,积极提升我国中小企业履行社会责任的意愿和动力。

According to the new institutionalism,corporate fulfillment of social responsibility is essentially a response to institutional pressure.For SMEs embedded in the complex institutional environment,the negative fulfillment of social responsibilities will reduce the organizational legitimacy,lead to the inferior position of enterprises in the process of competition,and squeeze the limited living space.It can be said that the institutional pressure has changed the willingness of SMEs to fulfill their social responsibilities.Taking the GEM enterprises in China as the research sample,this paper uses the new institutionalism analysis framework to explore the willingness of SMEs in China when facing the pressure of regulatory,normative and cognitive systems.The research results show that the institutional pressure plays a certain role in promoting the willingness of SMEs to fulfill their social responsibilities,among which the normative pressure brought by social media is the most prominent.Therefore,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from three aspects:strengthening institutional pressure,internalizing institutional drive and promoting institutional coordination,with the aim of actively enhancing the willingness and motivation of SMEs in China to fulfill their social responsibilities.