细菌杂化微纳米机器人的研究进展

Advances in the Study of Bacterial-Hybridized Micro/Nanorobot

综述了近年来国内外关于细菌杂化的微纳米机器人的研究进展,重点探讨了天然细菌的功能化制备、细菌机器人的驱动控制方法以及细菌杂化机器人在生物医学领域中的应用。重点从当前的研究中细菌杂化机器人的制备方法如物理吸附、化学修饰和基因工程改造,对比并探讨了各个方法对细菌机器人的性能影响进行评述,归纳了近年来细菌机器人基于细菌自运动与趋化运动的控制、磁场-自运动混合驱动控制以及基于医学影像的体内追踪与导航等控制研究进展。重点阐述了细菌杂化机器人的药物递送与癌症细胞去除,概述了细菌杂化机器人在生物医学领域中的代表性应用研究。最后,总结了当前研究中存在的局限与面临的挑战,并以此展望了未来的研究方向。

The current research developments on bacterial-hybridized micro/nanorobots at home and abroad are reviewed,with an emphasis on the functionalization fabrication of natural bacteria,the actuation control methods of bacterial robots,and the application of bacterialhybridized robots in biomedical fields.Focusing on the preparation methods of bacterialhybridized robots such as physical adsorption,chemical modification and genetic engineering modification in current research,the impact of each method on the performances of bacterial robots is compared and reviewed,and the research progress on the control of bacterial robots based on bacterial self-motion and chemotactic movement,magnetic field-self-motion hybrid driving control,and in vivo tracking and navigation based on medical images in recent years are summarized.Drug delivery and cancer cell removal by bacterial-hybridized robots are highlighted,and representative application studies of bacterial-hybridized robots in biomedical fields are outlined.Finally,the limitations and challenges of current research are summarized,and future research directions are prospected.