半导体冷藏箱和丙烷冷藏箱在果蔬配送中的冷藏效果

Study on Refrigerated Distribution of Fruits and Vegetables by Semiconductor and Propane Refrigerator

作者研究了不同配送方法对果蔬营养和品质的影响,以结球生菜、黄瓜、葡萄、芒果为研究对象,预冷后分别用丙烷冷藏箱和半导体冷藏箱冷藏配送24 h,无冷链常温配送为对照,进行感官评价和营养成分测定。结果表明:丙烷冷藏箱冷藏配送、半导体冷藏箱冷藏配送、常温配送的果蔬感官评价分别为8.3~8.7、8.2~8.6、7.1~8.0,失重率分别为0.23%~2.67%、0.28%~2.21%、0.97%~4.88%;丙烷冷藏箱冷藏配送的果蔬品质最佳,失重率最低,其结球生菜、黄瓜、葡萄、芒果的VC质量分数分别为1.09、1.48、5.65、5.54 mg/hg,可溶性固形物分别为3.4、4.17、16.2、15.44mg/g,可溶性蛋白质分别为0.021、0.027、0.091、0.11 mg/g,营养成分保持率最高。丙烷冷藏箱和半导体冷藏箱冷藏配送的果蔬单位碳排放分别为65.4 g/kg和300 g/kg,丙烷冷藏箱的碳排放低于半导体冷藏箱。

Fruits and vegetables are perishable at high temperature,making it vital to cool them down rapidly and transport them through the cold chain circulation immediately after harvest.The authors aimed to study the effects of different distribution methods on the nutrition and quality of fruits and vegetables,using lettuce,cucumber,grape,and mango as the research objects.After precooling,the samples were refrigerated and distributed in both semiconductor refrigerated cabinets and propane refrigerated cabinets for 24 hours,and compared with the non-refrigerated samples distributed at normal temperatures.Sensory evaluation and nutrient analysis were conducted.The results showed that the sensory evaluation of fruits and vegetables under propane refrigerator distribution,semiconductor refrigerator distribution and normal temperature distribution were 8.3~8.7,8.2~8.6 and 7.1~8.0℃,respectively.The rates of weight loss ranged from 0.23%to 2.67%,0.28%to 2.21%and 0.97%to 4.88%,respectively.Propane refrigerated cabinets provided optimal quality and minimal weight loss in the refrigerated distribution of fruits and vegetables,with lettuce,cucumber,grape,and mango having VC contents of 1.09,1.48,5.65,and 5.54 mg/100 g respectively;soluble solids contents of 3.4,4.17,16.2,and 15.44 mg/g respectively;soluble protein contents of 0.021,0.027,0.091,and 0.11 mg/g respectively;and the highest retention of nutritional components.The carbon emissions per unit mass of fruits and vegetables distributed by propane and semiconductor refrigeration were measured at 65.4 g/kg and 300 g/kg,respectively.The carbon emissions from propane refrigerated cabinets were lower than those from semiconductor refrigerated cabinets.