结直肠癌患者永久性肠造口后早期压力状况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Early Pressure Status and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Colorectal Cancer after Permanent Enterostomy

目的:调查结直肠癌患者永久性肠造口后早期压力状况,并分析其影响因素。方法:选择2020年3月至2022年3月于我院行永久性肠造口的160例结直肠癌患者为研究对象,于患者出院前采用一般资料问卷和肠造口压力量表进行调查,分析患者造口后早期压力状况及其影响因素。结果:160例结直肠癌患者的造口相关压力评分量表各条目均分为(2.69±0.55)分,各维度均分从高到低依次为躯体改变、自我概念改变、造口护理、家庭压力。160例患者中,轻度压力22例(13.75%),中度压力110例(68.75%),重度压力28例(17.50%)。性别、家庭人均月收入、术前造口知情情况、造口自理情况、造口及周围皮肤并发症、大便意外渗漏频率、护理造口时间均为永久性肠造口后早期压力的独立影响因素,P<0.05。结论:结直肠癌患者永久性肠造口后早期压力较大,且影响因素众多,护理人员应根据患者具体情况予以相应的措施缓解患者压力。

Objective To investigate the early pressure status of patients with colorectal cancer(CC)after permanent enterostomy and analyze its influencing factors.Methods160 patients with CC who underwent permanent enterostomy in authors hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the research object.Before the patients were discharged from hospital,they were investigated by general information questionnaire and enterostomy pressure scale,and the early pressure status and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results The average score of each item on the stoma related pressure scale for 160 CC patients was(2.69±0.55),and the average scores of each dimension were from high to low,followed by physical changes,self-concept changes,stoma care,and family pressure.Among 160 patients,there were 22 cases of mild stress(13.75%),110 cases of moderate stress(68.75%),and 28 cases of severe stress(17.50%).Gender,per capita monthly income of the family,preoperative knowledge of colostomy,self-care of the stoma,complications of the stoma and surrounding skin,frequency of accidental leakage of stool,and nursing time of the stoma are all independent influencing factors for early pressure after permanent enterostomy,P<0.05.Conclusion The early pressure of patients with CC after permanent enterostomy is higher,and there are many influencing factors.Nurses should take corresponding measures to relieve the pressure of patients according to their specific conditions.