“以言行事”:鲁迅文学活动的原点——以解读《长明灯》《藤野先生》为例

“Doing Things withWords”:Base Point of Lu Xun’s Literary Activities Based on Interpretation ofThe Eternal Flame and Mr.Fujino

鲁迅整个的文学活动基本上属于“以言行事”,一篇作品就是一个“施行句”。《长明灯》就是鲁迅新爱情、旧婚姻选择上的一次“以言行事”。小说《长明灯》与《野草》存在很大程度的互文性,是鲁迅自我爱情的折射:“熄掉长明灯”“放火”就是鲁迅要力抗世俗、公开恋爱的一种声明。同样,《藤野先生》属于“以言行事”,是向正人君子之流斗争的一部分。鲁迅研究要增加一种“施为维度”,即要从鲁迅的文学“在说什么”转向鲁迅运用文学“在做什么”。

Lu Xun’s entire literary activity is basically“Doing Things with Words”.A work is a“performative sen-tence”.The Eternal Flame is“Doing Things with Words”in Lu Xun’s choice of new love and old marriage.There is a great degree of intertextuality between The Eternal Flame and Wild Grass.The Eternal Flame is a reflection of Lu Xun’s self love.“Turning off the eternal flame”and“setting fire”are Lu Xun’s statements to resist common customs and make public his love.Belonging to“Doing Things with Words”,Mr.Fujino is a part of the struggle against the“gentlemen”.So,the study of Lu Xun’s entire literary activity needs to add a performative dimension,that is,to shift from“What did he say”to“How did he do things with words”.