基于二模ERGM模型的企业技术创新行为同群效应研究——以5G通讯技术领域为例

Peer Effect of Technological Innovation Behavior of Enterprises Based on Two-mode ERGM Model:An Example of 5G Communication Technology

基于2001—2020年中国5G领域发明专利申请数据,构建企业间地理邻近网络、社会邻近网络以及企业—技术创新领域二模网络。在此基础上,基于二模ERGM模型研究地理邻近性、社会邻近性对企业技术创新过程中技术领域选择行为同群效应的影响。结果表明,地理邻近性、社会邻近性对企业技术创新行为同群效应具有正向影响。进一步研究发现,地理邻近性与社会邻近性的交互作用对企业技术创新行为同群效应具有正向影响。最后,基于同群效应视角提出相关政策建议。

In recent years,with the continuous status improvement of enterprises' innovation subject in China,the academic and practical circles have been deeply concerned about how to optimize their technological innovation behaviors,such as the selection of technological fields,so as to overcome the difficulties of weak innovation ability in key technological fields.At present,scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the input-output and its influencing factors of enterprises in technological innovation.The recent discussion on this issue has focused on the mutual influence transmitted in various relationships between enterprises and the peer effect.Some researchers have studied the influencing factors of the peer effect of enterprise technological innovation from the perspectives of geographical proximity and social proximity.However,the peer effect in enterprise technological innovation is not always positive,especially for technological innovation behaviors,such as enterprise technology field selection.It may mislead enterprises to blindly imitate other enterprises,by which enterprises may lose valuable technological opportunities.Therefore,this paper extends from the previous performance variables such as innovation investment to the choice of behavior variables in the field of technological innovation.In addition,in order to make up for the possible deviation of linear mean modulus due to the failure to consider the endogenous influence of the network,this paper uses the ERGM model to explore the direct impact and interactive impact of geographical proximity and social proximity on the conglomeration effect of enterprise technological innovation behavior.By using the data of invention patent applications in the 5G field from 2001 to 2020,this study constructs the networks including the geographic proximity network,the proximity network among enterprise,and the enterprise-innovation field two-mode network.Then the influence of geographical proximity and social proximity on the peer effect of technology field selection behavior in the process of technological innovation of enterprises is studied based on the two-mode ERGM model.Taking into account the dimensions of network endogenous structure and enterprise exogenous attributes,this study establishes an ERGM model to study the range of the peer effect of enterprise technological innovation behavior.The results show that geographical proximity and social proximity have a positive impact on the peer effect of enterprise technological innovation behavior.Furthermore,the interaction between geographical proximity and social proximity has a positive impact on the peer effect of enterprise technological innovation behavior.This paper takes this innovation behavior as the research object,discusses the peer effect of enterprise technological innovation,and expands the research object of the peer effect.It uses the ERGM model to comprehensively consider the endogenous structure and exogenous attributes of the network and study the existence range of the peer effect.Combined with the actual social interaction behavior between enterprises,this model captures the impact of local network structures,such as triangles and stars on the network,overcomes the fitting difficulties caused by the autocorrelation of network edges,and innovates the research method for the peer effect.The research results have guiding significance for the development of enterprises and the introduction of government policies.For enterprises,when they imitate the technological innovation behavior of peer enterprises,it may improve the market share of enterprises and accelerate their development,but it may also lead to the oversaturation of the market demand for a certain technological innovation,thus hindering the development of enterprises.Therefore,enterprises should improve the corporate governance mechanism and be alert to the low efficiency of innovation that may be brought by the peer effect,so as to improve the overall level of technological innovation of enterprises.Meanwhile the government should encourage and guide enterprises to carry out differentiated technological innovation to a certain extent,improve the diversification level of technological innovation,and drive the improvement of the overall innovation level of society by issuing targeted innovation incentive policies.Future research is warranted to improve the algorithm in the ERGM model,accelerate the convergence speed of the model,and further use large-scale data for empirical testing,so as to enhance the credibility of the conclusion.In addition,this paper selects the formal partnership of joint patent application as the judgment standard of social proximity between enterprises,and informal partnership is expected in future research.