人类胚胎基因编辑技术的伦理困境与规范路径

Ethical Dilemmas and Normative Approaches of Human Embryo Gene Editing Technology

人类胚胎基因编辑技术的发展和应用引起来自各界的高度关注和伦理性探讨。运用系统科学的方法分析21世纪人类胚胎基因编辑技术发展,结果带来目的“善”与结果“恶”、科学价值与社会不公平、社会需求与价值扭曲、部分利益与整体利益冲突等困境。阐释人类胚胎基因编辑技术的规范路径,必须实事求是地认识人类胚胎基因编辑技术,有区别地促进人类基因编辑技术发展;坚持维护人类整体利益,提高为人类服务水平;增强科研人员和医疗人员的社会责任感,促进人类胚胎基因编辑技术“求真”与“至善”统一;加强基因编辑技术的法律规范建设,提高监督管理水平,以便促进人类胚胎基因编辑技术合理高效发展。

The development and application of human embryo gene editing technology has aroused great attention and ethical discussion from all walks of life.This study uses the system science method to analyse that development of human embryo gene editing technology in the 21st century which has broken through the boundaries of scientific ethics and brought about dilemmas such as initiating for “good purposes” yet causing “evil results”,scientific value and social injustice,social needs and value distortions,and conflicts between partial interests and overall interests.On this basis,normative approaches to human embryo gene editing technology are proposed.First,we should be realistic about human embryo gene editing technology and promote the development of human gene editing technology differentiatedly.Second,we should adhere to the protection of the overall human interest and improve the level of service for the human beigns.Third,we should strengthen the sense of social responsibilites of the scientific researchers and medical staff,promote the unification of “seeking truth” and “pusuring goodness” of human embryo gene editing technology,Fourth,we should strengthen the construction of legal norms for gene editing technology,improve supervision and management to promote the reasonable and efficient development of human embryo gene editing technology.