适用于垃圾焚烧过程的碳排放核算方法研究

Research on Carbon Emission Accounting Method Suitable for Garbage Incineration Process

垃圾焚烧过程是生活垃圾垃无害化处理产业链中直接碳排放最大的环节,对其碳排放量进行核算有重要意义。但目前,国内使用的碳核算方法通常是针对项目而言,而单独针对焚烧过程的碳排放核算方法较少,准确率也难以保证。因此,本文对国内外垃圾焚烧过程碳核算的方法进行了研究,分析了各类核算方法的特点、准确率、稳定性和应用场景。适用于垃圾焚烧过程的碳排放核算方法有排放因子法、平衡法、实测法和间接测算法。排放因子法更适合宏观或全生命周期的碳核算,实测法准确率高但投资运行成本高,平衡法和间接测算法核算成本低,且表现出了较高的准确性和不错的稳定性,是比较适合一般项目的碳排放核算方法。

Waste incineration is the largest direct carbon emission process in the harmless treatment chain of domestic waste,and it is of great significance to calculate its carbon emissions.However,currently,the study on carbon accounting methods in China is usually focused on projects,while there are few methods for calculating carbon emissions from the incineration process.Therefore,this article conducted research on carbon accounting methods for waste incineration processes both domestically and internationally,and analyzed the characteristics,accuracy,stability,and application scenarios of various accounting methods.The methods of carbon emisson accounting in waste incineration process mainly include emission factor method,blance method,actual measurement method and indirect measurement method.The results show that the emission factor method is more suitable for macro or full life cycle carbon accounting.The actual measurement method has high accuracy but high investment and operation costs.The balance method and indirect measurement algorithm have low accounting costs,and have shown high accuracy and good stability,which are suitable carbon emission accounting methods for common projects.