类器官在人类病毒研究中的应用进展

Progress in application of organoids in human virus research

病毒是危害人类健康的重要病原体,由于缺乏能再现病毒自然感染过程的体外研究模型,这为深入研究病毒致病机制、宿主-病毒之间相互作用等带来了巨大挑战,严重阻碍了病毒致病机制的研究、抗病毒药物的筛选和疫苗的开发。类器官技术能在体外构建模拟体内组织结构和生理功能的实验模型,被认为是目前最具潜力的病毒感染研究模型。文章就类器官在病毒体外培养、宿主-病毒相互作用、病毒致病机制及抗病毒药物筛选等研究中的应用进展作一综述。

Viruses are important pathogens that endanger human health.Due to the lack of in vitro research models that can reproduce the natural infection process of viruses,great challenges have been brought to the in-depth study of the pathogenic mechanism of viruses,the interaction between the host and the virus,which has seriously hindered the research on the pathogenesis of viral diseases,the screening of antiviral drugs and the development of vaccines.Organoid technology can build in vitro experimental models that simulate tissue structure and physiological functions in vivo,which is considered to be the most potential viral infection research model at present.This article reviews the progress in the application of organoids in research on virus in vitro culture,host-virus interaction,viral pathogenesis,and antiviral drug screening.