离婚冷静期制度的问题检视与完善路径

Problems and improvement approaches of the system of divorce calm down period

《民法典》第1077条离婚冷静期制度以修正不加约束的任意的离婚行为为目标,在制度实施过程中产生抑制冲动离婚效果的同时生发出了一定的负面效应。其中离婚冷静期制度对个人自由与社会正义价值衡量失衡、对家庭内部弱势群体保护不力、配套措施阙如的问题正阻碍着该制度应有价值的发挥。对此需要对离婚冷静期制度适用范围进行精细解读,完善配套措施以把握和实现制度设计本意;在体系化视角下促进离婚冷静期制度融入《民法典》体系并配合相关法律制度实施的整体性、一致性。通过形成稳定合理且完整的适用机制提升制度实施效果,确保制度设计对实施应用的有效指引。

The cooling-off period system for divorce in Article 1077 of the Civil Code aims to correct arbitrary and unconstrained divorce behavior,which produces certain negative effects while suppressing the effect of impulsive divorce during the implementation of the system.Among them,the imbalance in the measurement of individual freedom and social justice values in the divorce calm period system,the inadequate protection of vulnerable groups within the family,and the lack of supporting measures are hindering the due value of the system.Therefore,it is necessary to interpret the scope of application of the divorce cooling-off period system in detail,and to improve the supporting measures to grasp and realize the intent of the system design;to promote the integration of the divorce cooling-off period system into the system of the Civil Code under the perspective of systematization and with the implementation of the relevant legal system in a holistic and consistent manner.Through the formation of a stable,reasonable and complete application mechanism to enhance the effectiveness of the system's implementation,and to ensure that the system's design is an effective guide to its implementation and application.