智慧城市建设能提升创业水平吗?——基于双重差分模型的检验

Can the Construction of Smart Cities Improve the Level of Entrepreneurship:A Test Based on Difference-in-Difference Model

本文利用国家智慧城市试点政策的准自然实验,基于2003—2018年间293个地级市的面板数据,使用双重差分方法评估智慧城市建设对创业水平的影响,并使用交错型DID方法进行稳健性检验。研究结果表明:智慧城市建设使城市的创业水平提高8%左右,并且政策效果存在一定的滞后性和累积性;智慧城市建设通过改善城市的营商环境并提高投资水平,间接提升城市的创业水平;试点政策对不同城市的影响存在差异,人口密度大以及初始条件良好的城市受试点政策的影响更大;由于创业知识的空间溢出效应,智慧城市建设不仅能够提升当地创业水平,对周边城市的创业水平也存在显著的正向影响,并且距离越近的城市受试点政策影响越大。

This paper uses the quasi-natural experiment of the national smart city pilot policy,based on the panel data of 293 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2018,uses the difference-in-difference method to evaluate the impact of smart city construction on an entrepreneurial level,and uses the interlaced DID method to test the robustness.The results show that the construction of smart city increases the entrepreneurial level of the city by about 8%,and the effect of this policy has a certain lag and accumulation.The construction of a smart city can indirectly improve the entrepreneurial level of the city by improving the business environment and the level of investment.Different cities are affected by the pilot policy differently,and cities with a great population intensity and good initial conditions(in eastern China)are affected more by the pilot policy.Due to the spatial spillover effect of entrepreneurial knowledge,smart city construction not only improves the local entrepreneurial level,but also has a significant positive impact on the entrepreneurial level of the surrounding cities,and the closer the city is,the greater the impact of the pilot policy.