泉州市沙门菌感染流行病学特点及耐药性分析

Epidemiological Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of Salmonella Infection in Quanzhou

目的分析泉州地区沙门菌流行病学特征及其药敏情况,为预防、临床合理用药提供参考依据。方法对泉州市某医院近七年检出455株沙门菌的标本来源、血清型分型、药敏情况等进行回顾性分析。结果①好发于婴幼儿(<5岁,40.22%)、高峰期为夏秋季;共检出26种血清型,以鼠伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌和伤寒沙门菌三种血清型为主。②沙门菌对氨苄西林和氨苄西林/舒巴坦耐药率较高,复方磺胺耐药率呈波动上升趋势,对阿奇霉素、环丙沙星耐药率较低(<10%)。③三种主要血清型沙门菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、环丙沙星、氯霉素、阿奇霉素、复方磺胺、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟耐药率差异有统计学意义。④沙门菌肠道感染与血流感染对氨苄西林、氯霉素、头孢噻肟、复方磺胺、头孢吡肟耐药率差异有统计学意义。结论应在高发季节、对高发人群进行预防沙门菌感染宣传,可根据血清型、感染类型等合理选择抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and drug sensitivity of Salmonella isolated from Quanzhou City,and to provide a reference for prevention and clinical rational drug use.METHODS The source,serotype and drug sensitivity of 455 Salmonella strains detected in one hospital in the past seven years were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS①It usually occurs in infants(<5 years old,40.22%),and the peak period is summer and autumn;26 serotypes were detected,mainly including Salmonella typhimurium,Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium;②The drug resistance rate of Salmonella to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam was high,the drug resistance rate of compound sulfonamide was fluctuating and rising,and the drug resistance rate to azithromycin,ciprofloxacin was was low(<10%);③There were significant differences in the drug resistance rates of the three main serotypes of Salmonella to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,ciprofloxacin,chloramphenicol,azithromycin,compound sulfa,cefotaxime and cefepime;④The intestinal infection and bloodstream infection caused by Salmonella have statistical significance on the drug sensitivity of ampicillin,chloramphenicol,cefotaxime,compound sulfonamide,and cefepime.CONCLUSION The prevention of Salmonella infection should be publicized in the season of high incidence and in the population of high incidence.Antimicrobial agents can be reasonably selected according to serotypes and infection types.