金莲花的本草考证

Herbal textual research on Flos Trollii

金莲花为我国传统中药材,但2020年版《中国药典》(一部)未收载金莲花药材,其来源不明确,相关的考证研究也不够系统全面。本文通过查阅历代本草、医籍及相关文献资料,对金莲花药材名称、基原、产地进行系统的本草考证,以期为金莲花药材的临床应用和资源开发提供参考。经考证后可知,历代主流以“金莲花”为正名,尚有旱金莲、金梅草等多个异名,多源于其生长环境及外观形态,通过品种分布可推测清代及以前金莲花主流基原为Trollius chinensis Bge.。据历代文献记载,金莲花药材多产于河北、内蒙古、山西等北方地区,这与金莲花喜阴湿、高寒环境有关。基于考证结论,笔者建议后续相关标准收载金莲花药材时,选用历代主流基原T.chinensis Bge.的干燥花。

Flos Trollii is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb in China.The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(part 1) did not include the medicinal herb,its source is not clear,and there is a lack of relevantly systematic and comprehensive research.By consulting ancient Chinese herbal medicines,medical books and related literature,the textual research of Flos Trollii was conducted to verify the name,origin and producing area,so as to provide a reference for the clinical application and resource development of Flos Trollii.Through textual research,it could be seen that the name “Jinlianhua” was used as the correct name in the mainstream origin of the past dynasties,and there were still multiple synonyms such as Hanjinlian,Jinmeicao and so on,most of which originated from its growth environment and appearance.According to the distribution of varieties,it could be inferred that the mainstream origin of Flos Trollii in the Qing Dynasty and before was Trollius chinensis Bge.According to historical records,Flos Trollii were mostly produced in northern regions such as Hebei,Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,etc.,which was related to the fact that Flos Trollii liked cloudy,humid and cold environments.Based on the textual research results,the author suggested that the mainstream origin of the past dynasties T.chinensis Bge.should be selected for subsequent collection of Flos Trollii.