应对细菌耐药策略研究进展

Research Progress on Strategies to Control Bacterial Resistance:A Review

细菌耐药性与畜牧产业发展、人类公共卫生安全和食品安全密切相关。细菌产生耐药的机制复杂,除由人-动物-环境三者之间复杂作用引起外,抗生素的使用对细菌耐药性的产生和传播具有非常重要的影响,需要采取多种策略应对细菌耐药性的产生。新发展的药物理论及分子生物学等技术的兴起,极大地推动了对细菌耐药机制的认识、新型抗菌药物的发现及药物的合理使用,为控制细菌耐药性的产生提供了重要的理论依据和技术手段。当前,细菌耐药性已然是不可忽视的严重问题,引起了多方关注。细菌耐药机制的复杂性及新药研发的困难性,决定了必须通过多种方法、多种途径和多种角度开展研究,从而控制其进一步发展。基于目前的研究现状,笔者归纳总结了多种应对细菌耐药的策略及方法,重点从新型抗菌药的研发、联合用药、药代动力学-药效动力学同步模型及多组学技术等方面阐述其在应对细菌耐药性方面的作用,以期为减缓和控制细菌耐药性的产生及临床治疗细菌感染提供参考和指导。

Bacteria resistance is closely related with the development of animal husbandry industry,human public health safety and food safety.The mechanism of bacteria resistance is complex.In addition to the complex interaction among human,animal and environment,the use of antibiotics has played a very important impact on the generation and spread of bacterial resistance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop a variety of strategies to cope with bacterial resistance.The newly developed drug theory and the rise of molecular biology technology have greatly promoted the understanding of bacterial drug resistance mechanism,the discovery of new antibacterial drugs and the rational use of drugs,which provided important theoretical basis and technical means for the control of bacterial drug resistance.Presently,bacterial drug resistance has been a serious problem which can not be ignored and has arouse much concern.Due to the complexity of bacterial drug resistance mechanism and the difficulty of new drug development,it is necessary to carry out research through multiple methods,approaches and perspectives to prevent further development of bacterial resistance.Based on the current research,the author summarized a variety of strategies and methods to deal with bacterial drug resistance,focusing on the development of new antimicrobial drugs,drug combination,pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling and multi-omics technology to elaborate their role in dealing with bacterial drug resistance,which would provide reference and guidance for slowing and controlling the development of bacterial resistance and clinical treatment of bacterial infection.