基于非支配多目标优化方法的铀尾矿砂覆盖材料优选

Preferential Selection of Uranium Tailing Sand Cover Material Based on Non-dominated Multi-objective Optimization Method

铀尾矿砂覆盖材料优化选择对铀矿山尾矿砂治理有着重要意义。通过构建铀尾矿砂覆盖层氡浓度分布模型,采用单层和三层覆盖层材料,以氡析出率和综合成本为决策目标构建了多目标决策模型,基于多目标非支配排序方法,寻找可行方案的最优解。对于铀尾矿砂,若采用单层覆盖材料,只有黏土、水泥砂浆和沥青3种材料能够在合理厚度范围内满足氡析出率国标限值要求;与单层覆盖材料相比,三层覆盖层材料外的氡析出率满足国标限值要求,且综合成本降低了75.9%。

The optimal selection of uranium tailings sand cover materials is of great significance to the management of tailings sand in uranium mines.By constructing a radon concentration distribution model for uranium tailings sand cover layer,using single-layer and three-layer cover materials,constructing a multi-objective decision model with radon emanation rate and comprehensive cost as decision objectives,and finding the optimal solution of feasible solutions based on multi-objective non-dominated ranking method.For uranium tailing sand,if single-layer covering material is used,only three materials,namely clay,cement mortar and asphalt,can meet the national standard limit value of radon emanation rate within a reasonable thickness range;compared with single-layer covering material,the radon emanation rate outside the three-layer covering material meets the national standard limit value requirement and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 75.9%.