基于《哥达纲领批判》的劳动问题解读马克思“人的解放”思想

Interpretation of Marx’s Thought on“Human Liberation”Based on“Critique of the Gotha Program”on Labor Issues

在马克思主义多层次的理论结构中,“人的解放”是其核心思想,这一思想贯穿于马克思的全部理论著作中,其中《哥达纲领批判》具有重大的研究价值。《哥达纲领批判》关涉劳动属性和地位、劳动所得的分配、劳动的走向以及劳动解放的路径等问题。文章基于劳动视角分析马克思“人的解放”思想,以劳动属性和地位的澄清为理论开端、以建立实质的公正为关键性前提、以共产主义社会的阶段划分为必然路径、以共同体的建立为保障等,系统解读了马克思的“人的解放”思想。这一解读对于准确地把握马克思的“人的解放”思想具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

In the multi level theoretical structure of Marxism,“human liberation”is its core idea,which runs through all of Marx’s theoretical works.Among them,“Critique of the Gotha Program”has significant research value.The work concerns issues such as the nature and status of labor,the distribution of labor income,the direction of labor,and the path of labor liberation.Based on the perspective of labor,this article analyzes Marx’s“human liberation”ideology,starting with the clarification of labor attributes and status,establishing substantive justice as the key premise,dividing the stages of communist society as the inevitable path,and ensuring the establishment of a community.It systematically interprets Marx’s“human liberation”ideology.This interpretation has important theoretical value and practical significance for deeply and accurately grasping Marx’s thought of“human liberation”.