中美专利法中新颖性宽限期的比较与思考

Comparison and Thinking on Novelty Grace Period in Chinese and American Patent Laws

【目的】新颖性宽限期体现专利法律制度对于创新发展的引导与调控。通过对比分析中美两国专利法律中新颖性宽限期规定,为相关法律修订提供参考。【方法】采用文献调研法和比较分析法,以中美两国在新颖性宽限期方面的法律法规为主要依据,从法律沿革和价值取向、制度设计的调控与补偿、国际研究等方向对差异的产生进行了分析,并对我国新颖性宽限期制度给出思考和建议。【结果】由于目前我国专利新颖性宽限期制度与美日韩等国相比明显更严,因此国内外对我国放宽新颖性宽限期规定的呼声持续走高。【结论】应在掌握规律、借鉴国外经验教训的基础上,根据我国所处阶段和国际形势变化做出科学应对。

[Purposes]The novelty grace period reflects the guidance and regulation of the patent system for the development of innovation.By comparatively analyzing the regulations of patent law about novelty grace period between China and the United States,this study provided references for revising law.[Methods]Based on the Chinese and American law in novelty grace period,this study analyzed the difference from relevant legal evolution and value orientation,regulation design and compensation,and international research using the methods of literature interpretation and comparative analysis.Some thoughts and suggestion on the regulation of novelty grace period are given.[Findings]Since the current grace period system in China is significantly stricter than that in the United States,Japan,South Korea and other countries,the calls for relaxation of grace period regulations in China continue to rise.[Conclusions]We should calmly observe and analyze carefully,and grasp the laws and learn from foreign experience.Based on the lessons learned,scientific responses should be made in accordance with China´s development stage and the international situation.