2023年北京市医务人员吸烟和戒烟行为调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on smoking and smoking cessation behaviors and its influencing factors among medical staffs in Beijing,2023

目的了解北京市医务人员吸烟和戒烟现况,探讨吸烟行为的影响因素。方法从北京市6个区的6家二级及以上医疗机构和12家社区卫生服务中心抽取医务人员2878名,采取问卷调查的方法收集资料。用非条件logistic回归方法分析医务人员现在吸烟的影响因素。结果医务人员现在吸烟率为6.0%,男性吸烟率为22.8%。戒烟率为3.6%。男性较女性吸烟率高(OR=77.943,95%CI:38.838~156.419)。相对于高中/职高及以下文化程度者,本科/大专(OR=0.412,95%CI:0.219~0.775)和硕士及以上者(OR=0.136,95%CI:0.055~0.339)吸烟率较低。相对于工作年限为10年以下者,工作年限为10~19年者(OR=2.432,95%CI:1.360~4.350)、20~29年者(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.632~9.197)以及30年及以上者(OR=4.617,95%CI:1.750~12.183)的吸烟率高。此外,相对内科医生,外科(OR=2.398,95%CI:1.175~4.893)、后勤科室(OR=2.781,95%CI:1.426~5.421)人员的吸烟率更高。结论北京市医务人员的吸烟率有所下降,但仍需有针对性地进行干预,进一步提高医务人员的戒烟率。

Objective To investigate the smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among medical staffs in six districts in Beijing,and to determine the related risk factors.Methods A total of 2878 medical staffs were recruit from 6 Level-two and above medical institutions and 12 community health service centers in six districts in Beijing,a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data and unconditional logistic regression were utilized to analysis related risk factors.Results The current smoking rate among medical staffs was 6.0%and 22.8%for men.The smoking cessation rate was 3.6%.Male smoking rate was higher than women(OR=77.943,95%CI:38.838-156.419).Compared with medical staffs with high school/vocational high school or below level,the smoking rate of medical staffs with undergraduate/junior college degree(OR=0.412,95%CI:0.219-0.775),and master’s degree or above(OR=0.136,95%CI:0.055-0.339)were low.Compared with working years were less than 10 years,the smoking rate of those whose working year were10 to 19 years(OR=2.432,95%CI:1.360-4.350),20 to 29 years(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.632-9.197),and 30 years or more(OR=4.617,95%CI:1.750-12.183)were higher.In addition,smoking rates were higher among surgical physicians(OR=2.398,95%CI:1.175-4.893),and administrative services division(OR=2.781,95%CI:1.426-5.421).Conclusions The prevalence of smoking decreased these years in Beijing,however,targeted intervention is still needed to further improve the smoking cessation rate of smoking medical staff.