2010—2020年北京市海淀区15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years in Haidian district of Beijing

目的分析北京市海淀区15~24岁艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的流行病学特征,为该人群艾滋病防控提供科学依据。方法通过全国艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集2010—2020年历年报告的15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例,描述性分析其人口学特征、传播途径和检测发现来源等特征。结果截至2020年海淀区累计报告15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例520例,占同期全部病例的23.00%;平均年龄(21.93±1.77)岁;样本来源为咨询检测的占比呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=10.281,P=0.001);15~24岁感染人群在文化程度、非京籍、同性传播、咨询检测、首次CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞≥200、抗病毒治疗的占比均高于非15~24岁人群(χ^(2)值分别为42.516,7.529,38.592,50.075,45.470和7.578,P均<0.05)。结论海淀区15~24岁人群HIV/AIDS疫情形势依然严峻,应继续加强针对性宣传教育,提高自愿咨询检测比例,尽早发现HIV感染者,遏制艾滋病在青少年人群中蔓延。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 15-24 years old HIV/AIDS patients in Haidian district,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of AIDS in this population.Methods HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years from 2010 to 2020 were collected through the National AIDS Prevention and Control Information System,and their demographic characteristics,pathogen transmissions and detection sources were analyzed descriptively.Results By 2020,a total of 520 HIV/AIDS cases aged 15-24 years had been reported in Haidian district,accounting for 23.00%of all cases in the same period.The average age was 21.93±1.77 years old;The proportion of counseling and testing sample sources showed an increasing trend(χ^(2)_(趋势)=10.281,P=0.001).The proportions of education level,foreign household registration,homosexual transmission,counseling and testing,first CD4^(+)T lymphocyte≥200,and antiviral treatment in the 15-24 years old group were higher than those in the non-15-24 years old group(χ^(2)=42.516,7.529,38.592,50.075,45.470 and 7.578,all P<0.05).Conclusions The epidemic situation of HIV/AIDS in the age group of 15-24 years in Haidian district is still serious.We should continue to strengthen targeted publicity and education,increase the proportion of voluntary counseling and testing,detect HIV infection as early as possible,and curb the spread of AIDS among adolescents.