氟化工园区周边土壤氟化物的污染评价

Soil Fluoride Around the Fluorine Chemical Industry Park Pollution Evaluation

以福建某氟化工园区周边土壤和农作物为研究对象,选取总氟、溶解性氟为量化指标,用GIS制图分析总氟空间分布及污染来源。采用单因子污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法评价氟化工园区周边土壤氟化物污染程度;并从农作物累积效应角度研究评价氟化物的污染程度,以此印证单因子污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法评价结论。结果表明:研究区域土壤总氟平均值高于福建省土壤背景值,低于全国地氟病地区土壤总氟平均值;通过单因子污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法分析发现区域土壤属于中等—低污染等级,风险等级为中等—低。根据空间分布图,高浓度区域主要集中在园区东侧及东南侧,浓度分布与主导风向、地势有关。研究区域周边玉米根、玉米杆、玉米籽中的氟化物均低于《中华人民共和国食品中氟允许量标准》及《农产品安全质量安全要求-无公害蔬菜安全要求》规定,从累积效应角度看,氟化工园区生产活动未对食品安全造成威胁,这与前面采用的单因子污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法评价结论相互印证。

In this paper,the soil and crops around a fluorine chemical industry park in Fujian were taken as the research object,the total fluorine and dissolved fluorine were selected as the quantitative indicators,and the spatial distribution and pollution source of total fluorine were analyzed by GIS mapping.The single factor pollution index method and potential ecological hazard index method are used to evaluate the degree of soil fluoride pollution around the fluorine chemical park,and evaluate the degree of fluoride pollution from the perspective of crop cumulative effect,so as to confirm the authenticity of single factor pollution index method and potential ecological hazard index method.The results show that the mean value of total fluorine in the study area is higher than that of Fujian Province and lower than the mean value of geofluorosis;and the soil in the region has medium-low pollution grade and low risk grade.According to the spatial distribution map of soil total fluorine,it is found that the high concentration area is mainly concentrated in the east and southeast side of the park,and the concentration"distribution is related to the dominant wind direction and terrain.Research area around the corn root,corn stalks,corn seed fluoride are lower than"the Permitted Level of Fluorine in Food of the People's Republic of China"and the"Agricultural Product Safety Quality Safety Requirements-Pollution-Free Vegetables Safety Requirements"that from the perspective of crop cumulative effect,fluorine chemical industry park production activities did not pose a threat to food safety,the single factor pollution index method,potential ecological hazard index evaluation conclusion confirm each other.