基于无人机桥梁表观病害巡检与三维数字孪生

Apparent Damage Inspection and 3D Digital Twin for Bridge Based on UAV

随着桥梁服役年限的增长,在结构材料自身老化退化等内部因素,以及车辆荷载、台风、地震、洪水等外部因素综合作用下,桥梁结构逐渐进入高风险高维修阶段。传统桥梁检测主要由检测人员采用纸笔对桥梁病害直接识别、记录,其具有重复性强、中断交通、需高空作业等特点。随着物联网、近景摄影测量与机器视觉等技术的快速发展,采用无人机辅助视觉技术取代人工视觉完成桥梁检测工作逐渐成为可能。基于无人机摄影测量技术,提出了一种桥梁表观病害自动化巡检方法,并通过工程实践案例验证了该方法的有效性。

With the growth of bridge service life,the bridge structures gradually enter the stage of high maintenance and high risk under the comprehensive action of internal factors such as aging and degradation of structural materials and external factors such as vehicle load,typhoon,earthquake and flood.The traditional bridge inspection is mainly taken by the inspectors to directly identify and record the bridge diseases with pen and paper,which has the characteristics of strong repeatability,interrupted traffic and working at heights.With the rapid development of Internet of Things,close-range photogrammetry,machine vision and other technologies,it is gradually possible to replace the artificial vision with UAV-assisted vision technology to complete the bridge inspection.An automatic inspection method for bridge apparent diseases is put forward based on UAV,and the effectiveness of the method is verified through the engineering practices.