社区老年人孤独感在自我感知老化与抑郁情绪间的中介效应

Mediating effect of loneliness on the relationship between self-perceived aging and depression among the elderly in the community

目的:探讨社区老年人孤独感在自我感知老化与抑郁情绪间的中介效应。方法:2019年5月—10月,采用一般资料调查表、UCLA孤独感量表简版(ULS-8)、健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)、简版自我感知老化量表(B-APQ)对河南省新乡市847名社区老年人进行问卷调查,分析孤独感与自我感知老化、抑郁情绪的相关性及孤独感在社区老年人自我感知老化与抑郁情绪间的中介效应。结果:社区老年人ULS-8总分为(14.55±2.62)分,B-APQ总分为(41.56±8.93)分,PHQ-9总分为1.00(0.00,3.00)分;B-APQ总分与ULS-8总分呈正相关(r=0.136,P<0.01),ULS-8总分和PHQ-9总分呈正相关(r=0.238,P<0.01),B-APQ总分与PHQ-9总分呈正相关(r=0.322,P<0.01);孤独感是自我感知老化与抑郁情绪的中介变量,中介效应占总效应的8.04%。结论:孤独感是社区老年人自我感知老化和抑郁情绪的中介变量,预防与降低孤独感和自我感知老化,有利于缓解抑郁情绪,促进社区老年人的心理健康。

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of loneliness on the relationship between self-perceived aging and depression among the elderly in the community.Methods:From May 2019 to October 2019,a total of 847 elderly in the community of Xinxiang city,Henan province were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire,the UCLA Loneliness Scale(ULS-8),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),and the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire(B-APQ).The correlation between loneliness and self-perceived aging,depression,and the mediating effect of loneliness on the relationship between self-perceived aging and depression among the elderly in the community was analyzed.Results:The total score of ULS-8 of the elderly in the community was(14.55±2.62)points,the total score of B-APQ was(41.56±8.93)points,and the total score of PHQ-9 was 1.00(0.00,3.00)points.The total score of B-APQ was positively correlated with the total score of ULS-8(r=0.136,P<0.01).The total score of ULS-8 was positively correlated with the total score of PHQ-9(r=0.238,P<0.01).The total score of B-APQ was positively correlated with the total score of PHQ-9(r=0.322,P<0.01).Loneliness was a mediating variable between self-perceived aging and depression,and the mediating effect accounted for 8.04%of the total effect.Conclusions:Loneliness is an intermediary variable between self-perceived aging and depression among the elderly in the community.Preventing and reducing loneliness and self-perceived aging is beneficial to relieve depression and promote the mental health of the elderly in the community.