精神科护士同理心水平、对精神疾病病人的歧视态度及相关性研究

Psychiatric nurses′empathy level,their discriminatory attitude towards patients with mental illness,and the correlation between them

目的:调查精神科护士的同理心水平、对精神疾病病人的歧视态度现状,并分析两者之间的关联性。方法:选取广州市某精神病专科医院护士282人为研究对象,采用一般人口学资料调查表、中文版Jefferson同理心量表、歧视精神疾病病人评估量表进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析方法分析精神科护士同理心及对精神疾病病人的歧视态度的相关性。结果:精神科护士中文版Jefferson同理心量表得分为(111.19±12.20)分;歧视精神疾病病人评估量表得分为(45.43±17.03)分,精神科护士Jefferson同理心量表总分与歧视精神疾病病人评估量表总分呈负相关(r=-0.373,P<0.05)。结论:精神科护士对精神疾病病人的同理心处于中上水平;对精神疾病病人的歧视水平低于常模;应进一步加强护士同理心培养,提升精神科护士职业满意度,减轻对精神疾病病人的歧视。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of empathy level among psychiatric nurses,the discriminatory attitude towards patients with mental illness,and to analyze the relationship between them.Methods:A total of 282 nurses in a psychiatric hospital in Guangzhou were selected as the research subjects.The general demographic data questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy(JSPE),and the Stigma Scale towards People with Mental Illness were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.The Pearson correlation analysis method analyzed the correlation between psychiatric nurses′empathy and discriminatory attitudes toward mental illness patients.Results:The score of the Chinese version of JSPE for psychiatric nurses was(111.19±12.20)points;the score of the Stigma Scale towards People with Mental Illness was(45.43±17.03)points,the total score of the JSPE was negatively correlated with the total score of the Stigma Scale Towards People with Mental Illness(r=-0.373,P<0.05).Conclusions:The empathy level of psychiatric nurses towards patients with mental illness was at the upper-middle level;the discrimination level towards patients with mental illness was lower than the norm;the training of nurses′empathy should be further strengthened to improve the professional satisfaction of psychiatric nurses and reduce discrimination against patients with mental illness.