中国互联网绿色转型的生成逻辑、演化进程与总体特征(1994―2023)

The Generation Logic,Evolution Path and General Characteristics of Chinese Internet's Green Transformation(1994―2023)

创造“绿色智慧的数字生态文明”已成为数字中国建设的当务之急,中国互联网自身的技术、产业逻辑迎来深刻的绿色转型。这番转型貌似空前,实则经过了漫长的探索与试错,因为在中国互联网近30年的辗转变迁中,“用互联网治理环境风险”一度借助西方技术话语的影响力被片面推崇,使主流社会惯于忽略“治理互联网的环境风险”,由此衍生一系列历史遗留问题。该趋势经过前绿色转型期(1994―2004)、绿色转型过渡期(2005―2015)的沿革推移,在初步绿色转型期(2016―2020)得到加速矫正,最终在全面绿色转型期(2021迄今)真正迈向环境友好的中国互联网发展之路。总体来看,中央政府主导、回应性色彩浓厚、逐渐扬弃对西方技术话语的依附性是绿色转型的三大特征,“用互联网治理环境风险”和“治理互联网的环境风险”交融一体是绿色转型的突出成就。

The imperative of establishing a"green and intelligent digital ecological civilization"stands as a foremost priority in the development of Digital China.Within this context,China's internet technology and industrial landscape are currently undergoing a profound and unprecedented green transformation.However,it is important to note that this transformation,seemingly unprecedented,has evolved through a protracted period of exploration and setbacks.Over the past three decades,there was a prevailing emphasis on"utilizing the Internet to manage environmental risks,"largely influenced by Western technical discourse.This one-sided perspective led mainstream society to overlook the"environmental risks associated with governing the internet,"resulting in a series of historical challenges.This trend evolved across distinct phases,including the pre-green-transformation period(1994―2004),the green transition period(2005―2015),and the initial stages of the green transformation(2016―2020).In the comprehensive green transformation period(2021 to the present),China has firmly embarked on the path toward environmentally responsible Internet development.In summary,three notable characteristics define this green transformation,i.e.,steadfast leadership from the central government,a robust capacity for adaptability,and a gradual reduction in reliance on Western technological discourse.The significant achievement lies in the integration of both"utilizing the internet to manage environmental risks"and"addressing environmental risks arising from internet governance."